Monday, July 20, 2015

Abstract : Department of Botany



A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF SOME MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY CYPERACEAE FOUND IN MEIKTILA DISTRICT

ABSTRACT

The present study on the members of Cyperaceae are collected in Meiktila district. As a result of collection made throughout the floristic area, 30 species belonging to 7 genera have been identified and fully describe with colored photographs.  In this paper, Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) Clarke., fifteen species from Cyperus L., two species from Eleocharis R. Br., three species from Fimbristylis Vahl., two species from Lipocarpha R. Br., two species from Mariscus Vahl., and five species from Scirpus L. are included.  The studied species have been given their synonum, Myanmar name, flowering time, habitats, uses and distinctive characters.     


SOME ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT PLANTS GROWN IN SEVEN VILLAGES OF THARZI TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

A study on economic agriculture in seven villages of Tharzi Township had been undertaken. In the present study 25 types of crops categorized into vegetables crops, cereal crops, fruit crops, flowers, pulses and oil seed crops and fiber yielding plant grown in seven villages of Tharzi Township were recorded and described with their morphology, cultivated location, agronomic data, marketing town and city and traditional uses. Utilization of pesticide and chemical fertilizer in cultivation of crops were also studied. Costs and benefits of each crop in Tharzi Township have been undertaken. In the present study, the vegetables crops, cereal crops, fruit crops, flowers, pulses and oil seed crops and fiber yielding plant were 10, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 1 type respectively.  It was found that in the vegetables crops, although Lycopersicon lycopersicum (L.) took place the first position having largest area; however Citrullus lanatus (Thunh.) was the most profit crops. In cereal crops, Oryza sativa L. was the mostly cultivated and Zea mays L. was the most profit crops. In fruit crops, Zizyphus jujube L. was widely cultivated and the most profit crops. In flowers,  Syzygium magnoliaefolia (Bl.) DC. was the mostly cultivated and the most profit flowers. In pulses and oil seed crops, Cajanus cajan L. was the mostly cultivated and Sesamum indicum L. was the most profit crops. Among the various crops cultivated by farmers, these five crops were the profit crops. Crops and their products from agriculture were mainly market to Meiktila, Mandalay and Taungyi City.  


STUDY ON MEDICINAL USES OF SOME PLANTS FOUND IN MEIKTILA UNIVERSITY CAMPUS AND IT'S ENVIRON

ABSTRACT

A study on some medicinal plants found in Meiktila University Campus and its surrounding area was carried out from June 2010 to March 2011.  Medicinal uses of these plants were studied by interviewing to 20 traditional practitioners. The survey aimed at identifying the plants used in the general Pharmacopoeia among the traditional practitioners who have a rich knowledge on the plants. A total of 45 medicinal plants were recorded from 20 traditional practitioners comprising 43 genera and 30 families were described with the outstanding characters, medicinal uses and part used. 24 ailments can practically be cured and use value (UV) of 45 species were also calculated.  Other diseases, skin diseases, digestive system, urinary disorders, female disorders, respiratory system, ulcer abrasions, liver disorders and asthma were the most ailments treated in these traditional medicines. Among them, Morinda citrifolia Lam. showed the highest use value (UV = 1.75) and Datura metal L. and Scoparia dulcis L. showed the lowest use value (UV = 0.05) each. An index of performance (Ip) was calculated for each plant species from the number of citations of treatment actually recorded. Only four species, Datura metal L., Tribulus terrestris L., Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. and Scoparia dulcis L. showed the very high performance (Ip = 3) for asthma, urinary disorders, digestive system and other diseases respectively. 9 species were high performance (Ip = 2) for 24 ailments and most of the species were described average performance (Ip = 1) for each 24 ailments.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF SOME MEMBERS OF ANGIOSPERMS GROWN IN THAZI TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

A taxonomic study on some members of angiosperm was collected in Thazi township during 1st June, 2011 to 31st January, 2012. As a result of collection made throughout the floristic area, 31 species belonging to 29 genera of 15 families had been identified. Among them, 28 species belonging to 26 genera of 12 families were included in sub-class Dicotyledoneae, and 3 species, belonging to 3 genera of 3 families in sub-class Monocotyledoneae. In this research, coloured photographs, diagrams of flower, flower (L.S) and ovary (T.S) of respective species were presented. An artificial key to the two subclasses of Monocotyledoneae and Dicotyledoneae, an artificial key to the families of studied species, and their descriptions were mentioned. Moreover, the detailed descriptions of studied species, Myanmar names, English names, flowering periods, habitat, and outstanding features were given. Besides, an artificial key to all studied species were presented.    


A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF STREET TREES IN MEIKTILA AREA

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study of street trees in Meiktila. In this studied area 45 species belonging to 37 genera of 19 families was found. However, the collected species from the present study includes 33 species belonging to 27 genera of 13 families. The plants were collected from five main roads in Meiktila during June, 2011 to January, 2012.  The collected specimens have been identified, classified and described the morphological characteristics with their necessary photographs and relevant diagrams. Moreover, the studied species have been recorded with their Myanmar names, English names, flowering periods, collection number and date and their location is presented in specimens examined. Moreover, the folk uses are described. Finally, an artificial key was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristic of these collected species. In this field 24 species are cultivated and 21 species are wild. But in this present paper 18 species are cultivated and 15 species are wild species.     


COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF FARMYARD MANURES AND UREA FERTILIZERS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF ORYZA SATIVA L. (PALETHWE) CULTIVAR

ABSTRACT

The field experiment was carried out at the rice field of Nyaungoakphee village, in Wundwin Township Meiktila District Mandalay Region. Result data revealed that the effect of farmyard manure (FYM) and urea fertilizer treatments were more effective in vegetative growth and yield than the control. Four level doses of FYM and urea treatment. At the different weeks after transplanting (WAT) the highest plant height (29.20 cm, 40.33 cm, 58.53 cm, 75.01 cm and 101.75 cm) was recorded in FYM4 treatment. Whereas at the same WAT the lowest plant height (24.91 cm, 34.70 cm, 50.09 cm, 65.97 cm and 91.20 cm) was observed from control.  The longest leaf length (21.91 cm, 27.77 cm, 40.61 cm, 36.59 cm, and 32.71 cm) was recorded in FYM-4 treatment at different weeks after transplanting.  Whereas the shortest leaf length (17.53 cm, 23.80 cm, 33.57 cm, 31.24 cm and 29.65 cm) was observed in control at the same WAT.  Leaf length of four levels of urea treatments compared with four levels of FYM observed that FYM-3 and FYM-4 treatments were significantly highest effect on leaf length of the other treatments at 5% and 1% level respectively. Grain weight, produced by four levels of urea treatments and four levels of FYM treatments were compared to control. It was observed that grain weight of four levels of urea and FYM treatments were significantly higher over the grain weight of control. The highest grain weight (28.38 gm) was observed in FYM-4 treatment and followed by FYM-3, FYM-2, FYM-1, U-4, U-3, U-2 and U-1 (25.68 g, 25.62 g, 23.98 g, 23.82 g, 23.60 g, 22.19 g, 22.13 g) respectively. The present study showed that significantly highest effect on growth and yield values was observed in the highest dose used in this experiment FYM-4 treatment and followed by FYM-3, FYM-2, FYM-1, U-4, U-3, U-2 and U-1 treatments respectively. 


A STUDY ON POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME MEMBERS OF ASTERACEAE AND LAMIACEAE FAMILIES FOUND IN YIN MA BIN VILLAGE, THAZI TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

In the present study of pollen research, (19) species of (16) genera belong to Asteraceae family and (11) species of (6) genera belong to Lamiaceae family were collected from Yin ma bin village in Thazi Township. Pollen of studied species were collected at the time of flowering and identified. Palynological work was carried out by studying the size, shape, type and exine structure of pollen. Pollen morphology found in studied areas was varying in size, shape, type and ornamentation. Pollen morphological characters and taxonomic characters of collected plants were studied and described by using light microscope and recorded with photographs. In this study tricolporate type of oblate, oblate speroidal and suboblate pollen grain with echinate and echinolophate ornamentation are mostly abundant in Asteraceae family.  The size of Asteraceae pollen also shows that the medium size pollen is mostly found in this area. In Lamiaceae family, all pollen grains are colpate type and the most abundant pollen type is hexacolpate type. Tricolpate is found in only 3 species. The mostly found pollen shape is peroblate. The pollen size of medium also occurs abundantly in this family. The ornamentation of Lamiaceae is reticulate sculpture. Among the Lamiaceae pollen distinctly reticulate is the most abundant pollen sculpture. In this study, type, shape, size and ornamentation of these two families are found to be distinctly differ from each other.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES FOUND IN YE BOK SON VILLAGE, THAZI TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study on some species found in Ye Bok Son village and its surrounding area in Thazi Township.  The flowering plants from this area were collected, preserved and identified during the year July, 2014 to February, 2015.  In the present research, total 33 species belonging to 30 genera of 20 families were conducted.  Among them, 30 species of 27 genera of 17 families under the class Magnoliopsida and 3 species, 3 genera of 3 families under the class Liliopsida were identified according to Cronquist System (1981).  Detailed descriptions of each species with figures, scientific names, Myanmar names, English names and flowering period were mentioned. The list of collected species is alphabetically arranged and artificial key to the species were constructed. Moreover, the natural vegetation of studied area were also presented.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES FOUND IN KYAT SAKAN VILLAGE, THAZI TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The present work deals with the taxonomic study of some species found in Kyat sakan village, Thazi Township. All the specimens were collected from July, 2014 to February, 2015.  As a result of collection made throughout the floristic area, 32 species belonging to 32 genera of 23 families were collected and identified. Among them, 27 species belong to 27 genera of 19 families of class Magnoliopsida and 5 species belong to 5 genera of 4 families of class Liliopsida are described and Aeginetia indica L., were also found in the study area.  In this present paper, only one species, Tectona grandis L. was found at Kyat sakan reserved forest and the 31 species were wild species. The most commonly family Acanthaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Fabaceae and Zingiberaceae were also found in the study area. The collected specimens had been identified, classified and described the detailed descriptions with their necessary photographs.  Moreover, the studied species had been recorded with their families, Scientific names, Myanmar names, English names, flowering periods, collection number, date and their distribution.  An artificial key was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristics of these collected species.


ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI EXTRACTS FROM SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS

ABSTRACT

In the course of the isolation of endophytic microorganisms, twenty endophytic fungi were isolated from twenty species of medicinal plants such as, Chukrassia tabularis A. Juss., Coleus aromaticus Benth., Eclipta prostrate (L.) L. Mant., Euphorbia antiquorum L., Euphorbia neriflolia L., Euphobia trigonas L., Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr., Limonia citrifolia L., Merremia emearginata Hallier., Millingtonia hortenis L., Mirabilis jalapa L., Morinda citrifolia L., Moringa olerifera Lamk., Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz., Saccharum officinarum L., Santalum album L., Senna surratensis K. & S.S. Larsen., Sesbania grandiflora L., Tamarindus indica L. and Tinospora cordifolia  Miers. These plants were collected from Meiktila Township during June to December 2014. Surface sterilization methods were used for the isolation of endophytes. A total of twenty endophytes were isolated and nine strains of fungi were tested for antimicrobial activity by the method of agar well diffusion assay. Among them, nine strains are active on Bacillus subtilis, one strain is active on Staphylococcus aureus, two strains have an effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, six strains are active on Bacillus pumilus, eight strains have an effect on Candida albicans and five strains are active on E. coli.   


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES FOUND IN MAKWE VILLAGE, KALAW TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The present research deals with the taxonomic study on some species found in Makwe village, Kalaw Township. All the specimens were collected from July, 2014 to February, 2015. The collected specimens had been identified, classified and described the detailed descriptions with their relevant photographs. The studied species had been recorded with their families, Scientific names, Myanmar names, English names, flowering periods, collection number and date. The specimen collection areas were also presented. The arrangement of the collected species was classified by correspond to that of Cronquist (1981) system.  In this study, 33 species belonging to 30 genera of 18 families were collected. Among them, 5 monocot species were found and Rhynchoglossum gardneri Theobald & Grupe., Smithatris supraneanae, and Curcuma roscoeana Wall. were also found in the study area. An artificial key was constructed compared with the different morphological characteristics of these collected species.


ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI EXTRACTS FROM SOME SPECIES OF FAMILY CACTACEAE

ABSTRACT

Fungal endophytes were isolated from stem segments of some species of family Cactaceae. These plants were collected from Meiktila Township during June to December 2014. Surface sterilization method is used for the isolation of endophytes. Fourteen species of endophytic fungi were successfully isolated. In this research the biological properties of antimicrobial metabolites were also done. Endophytic fungi WP-05 and WP-10 was produce amylase enzyme or hydrolyzed the starch. In the investigation of antimicrobial activity, the fungal extracts were assessed for antimicrobial activity against six standard pathogenic microbial strains by the method of agar well diffusion assay. Seven extracts against Bacillus subtilis, only one extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; five extracts against Bacillus pumilus. Six extracts against Candida albicans and three extracts against E. coli bacteria. Endophytic fungus WP-05 and WP-08 showed highly selective antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and Bacillus subtilis.


TAXONOMIC STUDIES ON SOME GENUS OF SUB-FAMILY POOIDEAE (GRAMINEAE) GROWN IN MEIKTILA UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

ABSTRACT

A study on Taxonomy of sub-family Poodieae (Gramineae) grown in University Campus Meiktila has been under taken. As a result of collection made throughout the floristic area within four-months (Nov: to Feb:) 14 species belonging to 9 genera in a sub-family have been identified and fully described with coloured photographs. Moreover, an artificial key to the species of the studied plants is added.


A TAXONOMIC REVISION IN SOME ANGIOSPERM TREES MEIKTILA UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

ABSTRACT

A taxonomic studies on trees are collected in Meiktila University campus. As a result of collection made through the floristic area, 13 species belonging to 10 genera of 6. Families have been identified and fully described with coloured photograph. Moreover, an articicial key to the species of studied plants, their Myanmar Names, flowering periods are given.


TAXONOMIC STUDIES ON SOME COMMON WEEDS GROWN IN MEIKTILA UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

ABSTRACT

A taxonomic study on some common weeds grown in Meiktila University Campus has been undertaken. As a result of collection made throughout the area 20 species belonging to 19 genera and 10 families have been identified and recorded. The morphology of vegetative organs as well as reproductive organs have been thoroughly studied and briefly described with coloured photographs. Moreover, an artificial key to the studied plants are also presented.


SURVEY OF SOME CULTIVATED CROPS AND PRODUCTIONS IN THE VICINITY OF MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

Some economic important crops found in Meiktila Township were collected and identified. The data will be accumulated from different villages of different zones to evaluate the taxon from economic point of view. (15) taxa belonging to (15) genera of (8) families are identified, classified within the scope of Economic botany. 


SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM MOUNT POPA

ABSTRACT

The term paper, which deals with medicinal trees from Mount Popa, is studying on plant morphology, botanical description and the medicinal uses of 16 common plants, with their photographs. We collected these specimens throughout the year 2004 and necessary checkups were made in the following year. This paper describes 16 species belonging to 15 genera of 12 families in dicotyledons. 


THE STUDY OF EIGHT RICE CULTIVARS TESTED FOR GOOD YIELD IN TAW MA VILLAGE, MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

Test cultivation of rice studies were conducted on Chinat-60, Shwe-thwe-yin, Shwe-yin-aye, Yesin-lone-thwe, Emata-saw, Manaw-thu-kha, Mr-9 and Mhaw-be-sann. Investigations have been centered mainly on seed germination, growth stages and productivity selected high yield cultivars.In addition, a detail study on what kinds of weeds and insects as well as how they can damage rice was also conducted with a careful examination. Moreover, a study on how to control weeds and insects which can damage rice, was carried out too.


A STUDY ON MEDICINAL USES OF ROOTS FROM SOME SPECIES FOUND IN MEIKTILA

ABSTRACT

The medicinal uses of roots from some species grown in Meiktila and its surrounding area have been studied. Some medicinal plants were collected and studied by interviewing to 10 traditional practitioners in Meiktila. The survey aimed at identifying the plants used in the general Pharmacopoeia among the traditional practitioners who have a rich knowledge on the plants. In the present study 20 species belonging to 19 genera of 14 families were described with morphological characters, medicinal uses, part used and their relevant photographs.


A STUDY ON SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS GROWN IN MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

In the present study some medicinal plants were collected form many places in Meiktila Township. As a result of collection made throughout the floristic area, 20 species belonging to 20 genera of 17 families have been identified. Colour photographs, decription, English name, Myanmar names, family, flowering period, morphological characters and medicinal uses of studied plants were presented. In this present study some plants such as Azadirachta indica, Moringa olifera, Morinda citrifolia and Tamarindus indica were found possessing high medicinal value and most commonly used to treat many diseases.


A STUDY ON POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME PLANTS FOUND IN MEIKTILA UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

ABSTRACT

In this present study 20 species of 18 genera belong to the 11 families were collected from the Meiktila University Campus. These were belonging to the families of Acanthaceae, Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Capparaceae, Convolvulaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Ulmaceae, Verbenaceae and Zygophyllaceae. The pollen of these families were collected at the flowering time and identified. The palynological work was done by studing the pollen on their size, shape and exine sculpture. The morphology of the pollen found in this study area was varying in size, shape and ornamentation. The morphological characters of collected species were described and recorded with the photograph.


STUDY ON POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME SPECIES GROWN IN MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

Twenty species of 20 genera belonging to the 11 families have been collected and identified. All the wild and cultivated specimens were collected from the eastern part Meiktila Township. Pollen morphology of the collected species had been recorded with their aperture type, number, position and sculpture pattern of exine by using only light microscopy under 40 X and 100 X magnification. The outline of pollen image for each species was represented by their equatorial view and polar view. The diagnositic features of the collected plant were also described.


A STUDY ON SOME MEDICINAL PALNTS FOUND IN MEIKTILA USED FOR CURING ASTHMA

ABSTRACT

Some plants used to cure asthma in traditional medicine grown in Meiktila and its surrounding area have been studied. Some medicinal plants were collected and studied by interviewing to 7 traditional practitioners in Meiktila. The survey aimed at identifying the plants used in the general Pharmacopoeia among the traditional practitioners who have a rich knowledge on the plants. In the present study 20 species belonging to 20 genera of 17 families were described with morphological characters, medicinal uses, part used and their relevant photographs.


STUDY ON POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME SPECIES OF ASTERACEAE GROWN IN MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

In the present study of pollen research, 20 species of 16 genera belong to Asteraceae family were collected from various places throughout Meiktila Township. Pollens of studed species were collected at the time of flowering and then identified. Palynological work was carried out by studying the size, shape and exine structure of pollens. Pollen morphology found in studied areas was varying size, shape and ornamentation. Pollen morphological characters of collected plants by using light microscope were described and recorded with photographs.


STUDY ON POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME SPECIES OF FAMILY RUTACEAE AND MALVACEAE GROWN IN MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

In the present study of pollen research, 15 species of 9 genera belong to Malvaceae family and 5 species of 2 genera belong to Rutaceae family were collected from various places throughout Meiktila Township. Pollens of studied species were collected at the time of flowering and then identified. Palynological work was carried out by studying the size, shape and exine structure of pollens. Pollen morphology found in studied areas was varying size, shape and ornamentation. Pollen morphological characters of collected plants by using light microscope were described and recorded with photographs. 


STUDY ON POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME PLANTS GROWN IN THIGON VILLAGE OF MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

In the present study of pollen research, 20 species of 18 genera belong to 12 families were collected from Thigon village in Meiktila Township during November 2012 to February 2013. The collected plants were belonging to the families of Acanthaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Combretaceae, Convolvulaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Menispermaceae, Mimosaceae, Polygonaceae, Scrophulariaceae and Zygophyllaceae. Pollens of studied species were collected at the time of flowering and then identified. Palynological work was carried out by studying the size, shape, aperture types, exine structure and ornamentation of pollen. Pollen morphological characters of collected plants were described by using light microscope and recorded with photographs.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME FLESHY FRUIT SPECIES FOUND IN MEIKTILA AND ITS SURROUNDING AREA

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study of some fleshy fruits species found in Meiktila and its surrounding area. In this studied area 20 species belonging to 16 genera of 11 families were collected and studied. The flesh fruits bearing plants were collected in Meiktila during June, 2012 to February, 2013. The collected specimens have been identified, classified and described the morphological characteristics with their necessary photographs and relevant diagrams. Moreover, the studied species have been recorded with their Myanmar names, English names, flowering period, family, collection number and date, and their distribution and collected places is presented. An artificial key was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristic of these fleshy fruit species. In this present paper 13 species are cultivated and 7 species are wild species.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME DRY FRUIT SPECIES FOUND IN MEIKTILA AND ITS SURROUNDING AREA

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study of some dry fruit species found in Meiktila and its surrounding area. In this studied area, 22 species belonging to 21 genera of 15 families were collected and studied. The dry fruits bearing plants were collected in Meiktila during June, 2012 to February, 2013. The collected specimens have been identified, classified and described the morphological characteristics with their necessary photographs and relevant diagrams. Moreover, the studied species have been recorded with their Myanmar names, English names, flowering period, family, collection number and date, and their distribution and collected places is presented. An artificial key was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristic of these dry fruit species. In this present paper 11 species are cultivated and 11 species are wild species.


STUDY ON POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME SPECIES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS GROWN IN MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

In the present study of pollen research, 20 species of 17 genera belong to 11 families were collected from various places throughout Meiktila Township. The collected plants were belonging to the families of Acanthaceae, Amaranthaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Caricaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Moringaceae, Rubiaceae, Solanaceae, Amaryllidaceae and Liliaceae. Pollens of studied were collected at the time of flowering and then identified. Palynological work was carried out by studying the size, shape and exine structure of pollens. Pollen morphology found in studied areas was varying size, shape and ornamentation. Pollen morphological characters of collected plants by using light microscope were described and recorded with photographs.


A STUDY ON TYPES OF ANDROECIUM

ABSTRACT

The present work deals with a taxonomic studied on “Types of Androecium” of flower. This study features a representative selection of 22 species belonging to 22 genera of 22 families. All the plants were collected from June 2013 to February 2014. The plants are arranged following the classification scheme of Cronquist (1981). The list of collected species is arranged and artificial key to the species were constructed. The species treated in this survey are given a clear concise description. Colour pictures of photographic representation are provided to illustrate the highly diverse forms of androecium types. The through identification and classification of all the studied species has been done and their scientific names, Myanmar names, English names and the flowering periods are also explained.


A STUDY ON STARCH HYDROLYZING ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTES FROM TEN SPECIES (DICOTYLEDON)

ABSTRACT

            In the isolation of endophytic microorganisms, ten species of shrubs were employed. These plants were collected from Meiktila University Campus during December 2013 to February 2014. In this study, 10 strains of endophytes were screened by surface sterilization methods with the culture media of WA media. A total of 10 kinds of endophytic fungi were tested for starch hydrolyzing activity. Among them 1 strain was found hydrolyzed the starch.


A STUDY ON ISOLATION OF AMYLASE ENZYME ACTIVITY PROCESSING ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI FROM TEN SPECIES OF TREES

ABSTRACT

In the study of isolation endophytes, 10 species of trees were collected from Meiktila University Campus during December 2013 to February 2014. Ten strains of endophytes were isolated from the leaves of these species by surface sterilization methods. A total of 10 kinds of endophytic fungi were tested for starch hydrolyzing activity. Among them, the strain AT-02 of endophytic fungi from Acacia catechu Willd. (sha) and the strain AT-07 from Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. (sein-pan-gyi) selected as starch hydrolyzing enzyme producers.


A STUDY ON STARCH HYDROLYZING ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTES FROM TEN SPECIES (MONOCOTYLEDON)

ABSTRACT

In the course of the isolation of endophytic microorganisms, ten fungi were isolated from ten species of monocotyledonous plants. These plants were collected from Meiktila University Campus during December 2013 to February 2014. Surface sterilization methods were used for the isolation of endophytes. A total of 10 fungi were isolated and they are tested for starch hydrolyzing activity. Among them, five strains of fungi were selected as starch hydrolyzing enzyme producer.


A STUDY ON ISOLATION OF AMYLASE ENZYME ACTIVITY PROCESSING ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI FROM TEN SPECIES OF FAMILY CUCURBITACEAE

ABSTRACT

In the study of isolation of endophytes, ten species of plants belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae were collected from the Meiktila Township during December 2013 to February 2014. The surface sterilization methods were used for the isolation of endophytes from the leaves of these species. A total of 10 kinds of endophytic fungi were tested for starch hydrolyzing activity. Among them, the strain TA-04 of endophytic fungi from Cucumis trigonus Roxb,(Kasit) and the strain TA-10 from Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour.(Kyi-ah) were selected as starch hydrolyzing enzyme producers.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME TREES SPECIES IN MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The taxonomic studied on some trees were collected from some famous pagodas in Meiktila area. The flowering plants from the study area were collected, preserved and identified during the June, 2013 to February, 2014. In the present research, 22 species belong to 22 genera of 14 families are conducted.  All of the families under class Magnoliopsida were systematically arranged according to Cronquist system(1981). Detailed description of trees species with their necessary photographs, figure, scientific name, English name and flowering period have been stated and plant species were systematically treated. All the genera and the species were reported alphabetically and artificial key to the species was constructed.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES OF TREES GROWN IN MAHLAING TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study on some species of trees found in Mahlaing Township. The flowering plants from Mahlaing area were collected, preserved and identified during June 2013 to February 2014.  The collected specimens have been identified, classified and described the morphological characteristics with their necessary photographs and relevant diagrams. The morphological characters were described with Scientific name, Myanmar names, English names and Flowering periods are described. An artificial key to all the collected species were constructed. In the present research, 20 species belong to 18 genera of 10 families are presented.
           

A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES OF HYPOGYNOUS FLOWERS

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study of some hypogynous flowers species found in Meiktila, Thar zi, Ya me thin, Yin Mar Pin and Pyin Oo Lwin. In this studied area 21 species belonging to 18 genera of 11families were collected and studied. The hypogynous flowering plants were collected during June, 2013 to February, 2014. The collected specimens have been identified, classified and described the morphological characteristics with their necessary photographs and relevant diagrams. Moreover, the studied species have been recorded with their Myanmar names, English names, flowering period, Family, collection number and date, and their distribution and collected places are presented.  An artificial key was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristics of these hypogynous flowering species.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES OF EPIGYNOUS FLOWERS

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study of some epigynous flowering species found in Meiktila, Thar zi, Ya me thin, Yin mar pin and Pyin oo lwin. In this studied area 21 species belonging to 20 genera of 15 families were collected and studied. The epigynous flowers bearing plants were collected during June, 2013 to February, 2014. The collected specimens have been identified, classified and described the morphological characteristics with their necessary photographs and relevant diagrams. Moreover, the studied species have been recorded with their Myanmar names, English names, flowering period, family, collection number and date, and their distribution and collected places is presented.  An artificial key was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristics of these epigynous flowers species. In this present paper 13 species are dicotyledonous plants and 8 species are monocotyledonous plants.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES GROWN IN EASTERN PART OF MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The selected areas of this floristic study are especially in some village tracts and quarter such as Pauk chaung quarter, Khin lu, Mauklauk, Kan thar aye, Kantaung and Tee ping gone villages located  in Eastern  part of Meiktila Township. In this study, 20 species belonging to 20 genera of 13 families were collected and studied. The collection was made during October, 2013 to January, 2014 and floristic study was carried out by identifying, classifying and describing the morphological characteristics with necessary photographs and relevant diagrams of collected specimens as flowers (L.S) and ovary (C.S).


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES GROWN IN WESTERN PART OF MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The selected areas of this floristic study are especially in some village and quarter such as Myothit quarter, Se' gone, Gyay.gyi, Thie gone, Ta guauk taw, Mondaing and Tha yet pin villages located in Western part of Meiktila Township. In this study 20 species belonging to 19 genera of 13 families were collected and studied. The collection was made during October, 2013 to January, 2014 and floristic study was carried out by identifying, classifying and describing the morphological characteristics with necessary photographs and relevant diagrams of collected specimens as flowers (L.S) and ovary(C.S).


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME ZYGOMORPHIC FLOWERS

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study of some zygomorphic flowers found in Meiktila, Yin Mar Pin, Dental University in Mandalay and Chan Myae Meditation Center in Pyin Oo Lwin. All the specimens were collected from August, 2013 to February, 2014. In this study, 22 species belonging to 20 genera of 13 families were collected. Among them, 1 monocot species was found and three peculiar species, Salvia riparia Kunth, Hypoestes sanguinolenta Hook. And Chrysothemis pulchella Decne., were also found in the study area. These three species had not been recorded in the books of Hundley & Chit Ko Ko (1987) and Kress et al. (2003). The collected specimens had been identified, classified and described the detailed descriptions with their relevant photographs and diagrams. The studied species had been recorded with their families, Scientific names, Myanmar names, English names, flowering periods and collection number and date. The specimen collection areas were also presented. In the present paper, 13 species were cultivated species and 9 species were wild species. An artificial key for all collected species was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristics of these zygomorphic flowers.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES FOUND IN YIN MA BIN VILLAGE, THAZI TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study of some species found in Yin ma bin village, Thazi Township. All the specimens were collected from August, 2014 to February, 2015. The collected specimens had been identified, classified and described the detailed descriptions with their necessary photographs and relevant diagrams. Moreover, the studied species had been recorded with their families, Scientific names, Myanmar names, English names, flowering periods, collection number, date and their distribution. The specimen collection areas were also presented. In this study, 20 species belonging to 18 genera of 15 families were collected and studied. Among them, 7 monocots species and 13 dicots species were found and the most commonly family Caesalpiniaceae and Orchidaceae were also found in the study area. In this present paper, all species were wild species. An artificial key for all collected species was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristics of these species.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES FOUND IN PA YA NGA SU VILLAGE, THAZI TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study of some species found in Pa ya nga su village, Thazi Township. All the specimens were collected from August, 2014 to February, 2015. The collected specimens had been identified, classified and described the detailed descriptions with their relevant photographs and diagrams. The studied species had been recorded with their families, Scientific manes, Myanmar names, English names, flowering period, collection number, date and distribution. The specimen collection areas were also presented. An artificial key for all collected species was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristics of these species. In this study, 20 species belonging to 18 genera of 11 families were collected and studied. Among them, 1 monocot species was found and the most commonly family Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae were also found in the study area. In the present paper, all species were wild species. The information of species distribution can be fulfill the compilation of the flora of Pa ya nga su village in Thazi Towship.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES GROWN IN YWA THIT VILLAGE, MAHLAING TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT
           
The 20 species belonging to 20 genera of 15 families were collected from Ywa Thit Village in Mahlaing Township of Meiktila District in Mandalay Region in the year of July 2014 to January 2015. In this work, the morphological characters of twenty species were studied, described, compared, discussed and their photographs were also presented. The morphological characters were observed and found to be useful in identification of species. In the present studies 17 species were wild and 3 species were cultivated. An artificial key was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristic of these some wild and cultivated species.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES GROWN IN MIN NAN THU VILLAGE, NYAUNG OO TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

            The present paper deals with the taxonomic study of some species grown in Min Nan Thu village, Nyaung Oo Township. In this studied area, 20 species belonging to 20 genera of 18 families were collected and studied. The specimens were collected during June, 2014 to January, 2015. The collected specimens have been identified, classified and described the morphological characters with their necessary photographs and relevant diagrams. Moreover, the studied species have been recorded with their Myanmar names, English names, flowering period, family, collection number and date, and their distribution and collected places are presented. An artificial key was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristic of these species. In this present paper 18 species are dicotyledonous plants and 2 species are monocotyledonous plants.


A STUDY ON SOME SPECIES OF PHYTOPLANKTON FOUND IN MONDAING DAM, MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

            In the present study, the some species of phytoplankton (microalgae) and physico-chemical parameters were studied during the study period of December 2014 to February 2015 at Mondaing Dam in Meiktila Township, Mandalay Region. The collected algal specimens from the study area were classified to species level, and these were photographed and recorded the morphological features. The 20 species, 14 genera, 8 families, 5 Orders, 3 Classes and 3 Divisions were presented. Among them, 10 species, 6 genera under Class Chlorophyceae of Chlorophyta, 3 species, 3 genera under Class Bacillariophyceae of Chrysophyta, 7 species, 5 genera under Class Myxophyceae of Cyanophyta were systematically arranged. And, in the physico-chemical parameters, pH, conductivity, hardness, total alkalinity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand of the water sample were measured at the Water Resources Center, Mandalay. According to the findings of this study, the physico-chemical parameters except hardness were acceptable limit of WHO standard.


A STUDY ON SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS GROWN IN NAGALAE VILLAGE, KYAUKPADAUNG TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

A study on some medinical plants grown in Nagalae Village of Kyaukpadaung Township was carried out. In this study, 20 species of 20 genera belonging to 16 families were collected. All collected species were presented with their botanical name, family, local name, English name, flowering period, parts used and uses. In the present study, 25 ailments were recorded from the study area. The numbers of plants used in each aliment were presented. The most number of species are used for asthma with 6 species, malaria with 5 species and cough, fever, jaundice and rheumatism with 4 species respectively in each ailment. This study shows 6 plants parts used for various ailments. Among different plant parts, leaves are commonly used for the medicinal preparation. Moreover, comparison of the uses of medicinal plants in the study area and available international literatures were also presented. 


POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME SPECIES GROWN IN THI BIN GON VILLAGE, MAHLAING TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

            In this paper, the pollen morphology belong to 10 families, 16 genera and 20 species were classified, identified and described. All the species were collected from Thi Bin Gon Village, Mahaling Township from 2014 October to 2015 February. Pollen morphology of all the species have been recorded with their aperture number, position, shape, size and sculpture of the extine; investigated species were from colpate, porate, polyporate, colporate to inaperturate. The sculpture pattern of the above ranged from variously reticulate, echinate, retipilate, lophoreticulate and strioreto-reticulate by using only 40x and 100x magnification. The pollen key to the species have also been constructed on the basis of the acquired palynological data, Photo-micrographs of all species have been included both equatorial and polar views.


A STUDY ON MORPHOLOGY, ANATOMY, PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND MEDICINAL USES OF
Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders

ABSTRACT

            In this paper, morphological and phytochemical examination of Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders (Su badaung) belongs to the family Acanthcaceae. These plants were collected from Meiktila and Thazi Township during June, 2014 to February, 2015. The present research paper, the morphological characters, histological characters, preliminary phytochemical investigation of their constituents and medicinal uses were conducted. Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders (Su badaung) is a wild aquatic herb and commonly found in marshy places and rainy puddles at tropical regions of Central Myanmar. This plant can be used as indigenous medicinal plant to cure jaundice. The whole plant can be used as indigenous medicine.
A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES FOUND IN THA HTAY GON VILLAGE, THAZI TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the taxonomic study of some species found in Tha Htay Gon village, Thazi Township. In this studied area 21 species belonging to 20 genera of 17 families were collected and studied. The specimens were collected during June, 2014 to January, 2015. The collected specimens have been identified with their necessary photographs and relevant diagrams. Moreover, the studied species have been recorded with their Myanmar names, English names, flowering period, family, collection number and date, and their distribution and collected places are presented. An artificial key was constructed with comparing the different morphological characteristic of these species. In this present paper 20 species are dicotyledonous plants and 1 species is monocotyledonous plant.


POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME SPECIES GROWING IN THAPAN VILLAGE, WUNDWIN TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The pollen morphology of 20 species belongs to 20 genera of 14 families were classified and described. The specimens were collected from Thapan village, Wundwin Township, Mandalay Region during June 2014 to January 2015. This collection record one species each of Acanthaceae, Amaranthaceae, Ascepiadaceae, Asteraceae, Cactaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Mimosaceae, Rubiaceae, two species each of Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Sterculiaceae, and four speices of Malvaceae. The pollen grains were found pollinia, polyads and monads. Pollinia occurred in Oxystelma esculentum (L.f)R.Br. (Asclepiadaceae); polyads in Acacia pennata (L.) Willd. (Mimosaceae) and the rest species are monad. The aperture types of all the grains were colpate, porate and colporate. The sculpture patterns of 20 species varied from echinate, psilate, retipilate, microreticulate, obscursely reticulate and reticulate. The pollen shapes are found in spheroidal or oblate spheroidal, rarely prolate spheroidal, oblate and suboblate. The sizes of the pollen are small, medium, large and very large. The smallest pollen (12.5-18.8 x 18.8-25.0 µm) is Eclipta prostrate ( L.) L.(Asteraceae) and the largest ( 106.3 – 121.3 µm) is Pavonia odorata Willd. (Malvaceae). Pollen of all the studied species have been recorded with their aperture type, number, position, shape, size and sculpture patterns of the exine.


COMPOSITION AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF NATURAL FOREST IN TAWMA VILLAGE, MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

Species composition and quantitative analysis were carried out from October, 2014 to January, 2015 in Tawma village, Meiktila Township. There were 10 quadrats (the size ranging from 7 x 7 m to 8 x 7 m depending on the site condition) in the study area. For assessment of plant species diversity, species richness and evenness were calculated by Shannon – Wiener’s index (H), Simpson index (D) and Jackknife estimate. The quantitative analyzed for abundance, density and frequency according to the methods given by Curtis and McIntosh (1950). The important value index ( IVI) for tree species was also calculated based on the summation of the relative percentage values of density, frequency and dominace as per the method of Curtis (1959). Depend upon the IVI value, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) DC. Wit. (Baw sa kaing) and Tamarindus indica L. (Magyi) are the ecological successful species in study area. In this research, the information and quantitative analysis is to identify the actual natural vegetation and to develop pratical technology for management of forest in the Tawma village, Meiktila Township. The present study will contribute baseline data to monitoring of environmental changes in future.


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES GROWN IN TAMAGON VILLAGE IN WUNDWIN TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The taxonomic studied on some species were collected from Tamagon village in Wundwin area. The flowering plants from the study area were collected, preserved and identified during the June, 2014 to February, 2015. In the present research, 20 species belong to 20 genera of 17 families are conducted. All of the families under class Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida were systemically arranged according to Cronquist system (1981). Detailed description of all collected species with their necessary photographs, figures, scientific name, English name and flowering period have been stated and plant species were systemically treated. All the genera and the species reported alphabetically and artificial key to the species was constructed. 


A TAXONOMIC STUDY ON SOME SPECIES GROWN IN THAPAN VILLAGE, WUNDWIN TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The selected area for this floristic study is Thaphan village, Wundwin Township. The flowering plants from studied area were collected, preserved and identified during June 2014 to January 2015. In the present research, 20 species belong to 20 genera of 15 families are presented. Among them, monocot is 1 species of Pennisetum polystachyon (L.) Schult. and dicots are 19 species. The collected specimens have been identified, classified and described the morphological characteristics with their Scientific name, Myanmar names, English names and Flowering periods. An artificial key to all the collected species were constructed. All the species are systematically treated and stated with the figures and drawing for each species.


A STUDY ON SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS GROWN IN YANAUNG VILLAGE, PYAW BWE TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

            In the present study, some medicinal plants were collected from Yanaung Village of Pyawbwe Township. As a result of collection made throughout the floristic area, 20 species belonging to 18 genera of 16 families have been identified. All collected species were presented with their botanical name, family, local name, English name, flowering period, parts used and uses. In this study, there are 25 aliments recorded from the study area. The numbers of plants used in each ailment were presented. The most number of species are used for asthma and rheumatism with 5 species and then bronchitis, constipation, cough, fever, jaundice, menstrual disorders and urinary problems with 4 species respectively in each ailment. Majority of medicinal plants are used as simple drugs and some plants are used with other plant parts or materials. There are eight plant parts used for medicinal purpose. Use of the leaves is the most important (41.03%), followed by root (23.08%) as second and the whole plant (12.82%) as third. Moreover, comparison of the uses of medicinal plants in the study area and available international literatures were also presented. 


A STUDY ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MEDICINAL USES OF
Solanum xanthocarpum Schard & Wendl

ABSTRACT

The study of Solanum xanthocarpum Schard & Wendl belong to the family Solanaceae. The species was collected from Kun-Chan-Yoe village, Thazi Township, Meiktila District. Morphology of both the vegetative and reproductive parts of the plant and anatomy of the leaves (lamina, midrib, petiole), stem, root and medicinal uses were studied. Photographic illustration of habit and anatomical structure of free-hand section of leaves, young stem, and root were also described.


A STUDY ON SOME SPECIES USED TO CURE PARALYSIS

ABSTRACT

Some medicinal plants used to cure paralysis in traditional medicines found in Mandalay Region were studied and reported. All the specimens were collected from October, 2014 to February, 2015. In this study, a total of 20 species belonging to 18 genera of 14 families were collected and identified. The chemical constituents, part used and pharmaceutical uses of these plants have been recorded and presented with photographs.


STUDY ON SOME SPECIES OF PHYTOPLANKTON FOUND IN SEWAGE POND, MEIKTILA TOWNSHIP

ABSTRACT

The physico-chemical parameters of phytoplankton and water were studied from June 2014 to January 2015 in sewage pond (Baydarkan) located near the Meiktila Lake. Twenty species in three divisions of phytoplankton were found. The most abundant species were belonging to Division Chlorophyta followed by Euglenophyta and Cyanophyta. The morphological features of each species were identified, described and recorded by photographs. The physico-chemical parameters: pH, conductivity, hardness, total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), temperature and transparency was measured at the Water Resources Center, Mandalay. According to the findings of this study, this pond may be faced environmental affect so biological assessment was required.