THE STUDY OF
LAWSUITS AND WRITTEN JUDICIAL DECISIONS FROM MEIKTILA AND THE SURROUNDIONG
AREAS
Candidate - Thein Swe Oo (M.Res-Tha-1)
ABSTRACT
The study of Lawsuits and Written
Judicial Decisions from Meiktila and the surrounding areas is an attempt to
deal with the lawsuits which took place in Meiktila and in the neighboring
areas. The study of lawsuits is based on the contemporary records such as Hpyat-sa-thet-Ka-yits (Written
contracted agreement concerning court decisions). The parabaiks which had been
found and collected in Meiktila and the neighboring areas carry the lawsuits
and Hpyat-sa-thet-Ka-yits. Thet-ka-yit is
a written contracted agreement, such as obligatory notes concerning
money-lending, land-mortgaging, and other kinds of contracts. Hpyat-sa is the legal document which
records the judgment of verdict passed by a respectable person or the court of
law after hearing the cases such as the case of debt, the case of land dispute,
and the case of robbery or theft and so on.
Hpyat-sa is the contract which both parties in a lawsuit are obliged to
observe. The lawsuits reflect the traditional judicial system as well as the
socio-economic conditions of the society in the late Konbaung period. There are
three chapters in my thesis: (1) Historical background (2) Traditional Courts
of law and Judges and (3) Lawsuits.
HISTORICAL
EVIDENCES OF THE ROYAL ORDERS (1819-1837)
Candidate - Thidar Win (2-Maha-Tha-2)
ABSTRACT
When a state emerged, it is resided not
only by an ethnic group, but by a variety of national races. Among them, they
person with ability occupied the territories and administered the kingdom, but
mostly were elected to govern the country and monarchy or government was
established. In this way, there appeared two distinct classes in the kingdom: the
administrative class and ruled people. The national races maintained their
traditions and customs through relaying to posterity in the successive periods.
In order to get equality, unity and to discard conflicts among the national
races, the king or government had to issue orders from time to time. The royal
orders were concerned with administration, economy, social, political, religion
and customs. These orders were the historical evidences of a period. This
thesis is an attempt to describe matters mentioned in the royal orders issued
during the reign of King Sagaing (1819-1837) of the Konbaung period.
THE
ADMINISTRATION OF MYANMAR DURING THE COLONIAL PERIOD (1886-1939)
Candidate - Nilar Myint (2-Maha-Tha-1)
ABSTRACT
This thesis deals with the colonial
administration in Myanmar during the period of 1886-1939. In the colonial
period, the British implemented the state administration and local
administration. The state administration can rule under the same uniform system
over the whole country. The local administration can now follow this pattern
because the towns and villages differed from one another in geographical layout
and the conditions of development that they differ in prosperity and social
conditions. So, the British introduced the local administration. It can be
divided into two heads: the Municipal administration and the district Council
Administration. The administration was managed by the Municipality in the urban
area and the District Council was conducted in the rural area. They had no full
authority. The real power had in the hands of the British officers.
THE
ADMINISTRATION OF MYANMAR IN THE LATER KONBAUNG PERIOD (1819-1885)
Candidate - Kyar Kyar Soe (2-Maha-Tha-2)
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled "The
Administration of Myanmar in the later Konbaung period (1819-1885)" is an
attempt to deal with administrative, judiciary and taxation of Myanmar kings.
In describing the administration of later Konbaung period, the administrative
activities of King Mindom and King Thibaw are given priority as other kings,
such as King Bagyidaw (1843-1852), could make less administrative reforms
during their reigns. The formers kings of later Konbaung period could not do
administrative international knowledge and far-sight that administrative
reforms were introduced. However, it was too late to make reforms. King Mindon
tried to restore friendly relations and avoid direct military confrontation
with the British. Because of his efforts, sovereignty of the kingdom could be
maintained for over 26 years. But during king Thibaw's reign, his lack of
experience in administration and more aggressive policy of the British let to
the downfall of the kingdom.
THE
ADMINISTRATION OF MYANMAR IN THE EARLY KONBAUNG PERIOD (1752-1819)
Candidate - Zin Mar Wai (2-Maha-Tha-3)
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled "The
Administration of Myanmar in the early Konbaung period (1752-1819)" is an
attempt to deal with administrative, judiciary and taxation of Myanmar kings.
During the early Konbaung period (1752-1819) can be divided into the central
administration of Royal Capital and the Provincial administration. In the
central administration, there were five administrative organs, called "Hlut-yon-nga-yat": Hluttaw, Bye'-taik,
Shay-yon,Nauk-yon and Ta-ya Yon.
It is found that most of the cases were influenced by the decisions of the
king. During the early Konbaung period, the taxes were main pillar of Kingdom's
financial strength. Stability of the Kingdom, strength of administration
largely depended upon strong finance. Although collection of taxes by Konbaung
Kings was considered to be strict, it was found out that officials at the
capital and provinces were corrupt and ill-treated the people.
BURMA'S STRUGGLE
FOR INDEPENDENCE (1906-1945)
Candidate - Khaing Mar Oo (2-Maha-Tha-4)
ABSTRACT
This thesis is presentation from
historical point of view, with respect to the Political Awakening and
independence struggles of districts and townships in Burma during the period
from 1906-1945. Burma political leaders formed YMBA, GCBA and performed
important public activities, to promote the national causes. The people opposed
the colonial British by public rallies, demonstrations and strikes until the
momentous people's campaign of the year 1300 broke out. On 1st October
1939, Burma patriots formed a national united crops by the name of Bama-Lut-Latt-Ye Gaing,( Myanmar Liberation Society), later know as Bama Htwet Yat Gaing. To drive out the
British from Burma "Thirty Comrades" were sent to Japan for military
training. National leader of Burma divided the anti-fascist forces into ten
military commands to fight off the Japanese. This is based on original and
secondary documents.
THE SOCIAL
HISTORY OF LATER KONBAUNG PERIOD (1819-1885)
Candidate - Ye Aung (2-Maha-Tha-5)
ABSTRACT
In the society of later Konbaung period,
there were three classes: the inferior or lowest class (A-yoke); the middle class (A-lat);
and the noble class (A-myat). This
society was headed by the king, except the Sangha.
Although the kings conceived themselves as "Lawka Nat" (god of the world) they made attempts to rule in
accordance with kingly moral precepts. To distinguish the role of the kings the
people were classified as royal family, royal servicemen and the commoners. To
confirm that classification rules and restrictions were adopted in custom, in
insignia, in residence and in utensils. Although the king had absolute power,
he had been restricted by customary laws, moral conducts and Buddha's teaching.
THE CONDITIONS
OF MYANMAR (1948-1958)
Candidate - Ei Ei Htwe (2-Maha-Tha-6)
ABSTRACT
During the period of the AFPFL
government (1948-1958), Parliamentary democracy was practiced. Along with the
independence came the ideological differences and internal insurrections, split
of AFPFL on ideological and racial grounds, multi-colored insurgencies,
invasions of KMT forces, all these factors made the AFPFL government unable to
carry out for the progress of the nation. Economically, the living standard of
the peasants and workers declined and the people suffered severe economic
hardship. The government tried to uplift the economic deterioration by economic
plans. The most prominent economic scheme implemented during the period of the
AFPFL government was the Pyidawthar
Plan. But the plan was not conformity with the prevailing conditions of the
country. Although the country became independent, there were no changes in the
lives of the peasants and workers. Being faced with the disintegration of the
union and establishment of Buddhism as State Religion, as well as the demand
for formation of states and federal principle, the army finally took over the
state power to maintain the sovereignty and independence of the country.
THE
ESTABLISHMENT OF NYAUNGYAN DYNASTY
Candidate - Mya Thida (2-Maha-Tha-1)
ABSTRACT
The Nyaungyan Dynasty is also known to
history as the Second Inwa Dynasty. In fact the Nyaungyan Dynasty should be
called Second Taungoo Dynasty because the Dynasty was established by Minye
Yandemeik, son of King Bayint Naung, who had founded Taungoo Dynasty. The paper
expresses how the ten kings, the three kings of the earlier Nyaungyan period,
namely Nyaungyan Min, Anaukphetlun Min and Thalun Min, could make the state
prosperous and strong. The last three kings of Nyaungyan period, Sanay Min,
Thaninganwe Min, and Mahadhamma Rajadipati, were not efficient in the
administration of the state, leading to the downfall of the Nyaungyan Dynasty.
STUDY ON
HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS IN PARABIKE
Candidate - Zaw Min Htay (2-Maha-Tha-2)
ABSTRACT
The socio-economic conditions of the
rural area in the late Konbaung period are revealed in the paper. The paper is
an attempt to study (1) the establishment of a village, (2) the development of
a village, (3) the administration and the actions done for safety in a village,
(4) the religious affairs in a village, (5) the livelihood of the rural people,
(6) the monetary unit used in a village, (7) the social structure in a village,
and (8) lawsuits in a village. It is not possible for the paper to represent
the conditions of the whole Konbaung period because it is based only on the Pin
Hmi Monastery Parabike collections. However, one thing sure is that the paper
contributes something to the socio-economic study of Konbaung period.
YANDABO TREATY
Candidate - Maw Maw Soe (2-Maha-Tha-3)
ABSTRACT
The paper deals with the consequences of
the First Anglo-Myanmar War, which happened during the period of King Bagyidaw
(Sagaing). The war started in 1824. In 1825, both sides came to know that the
Myanmar was losing the war. Although the English were the conquerors, they
found themselves war-weary. King Sagaing also had difficulties in military
affairs and internal affairs. Therefore, both sides sing the Treaty of Yandabo
to conclude the war. The Yandabo Treaty with 11 Articles was a devastating blow
to the Myanmar. Especially, the Article 5 in the Treaty, which is concerned
with the payment of war indemnity in installment, is emphasized in detail in
the paper to make it clear that the Myanmar suffered great losses in the war.
ANTI-FASCIST
MOVEMENTS IN MYANMAR
Candidate - Aye Myat Khaing Tun (2-Maha-Tha-4)
ABSTRACT
While the Myanmar freedom-fighters were
fighting against the British in the struggle for Independence, they found
themselves confronting a new enemy- the fascist Japanese. It was necessary to
revolt against the fascists. As the Myanmar leaders of opposition were faced
with the two fronts or two enemies at the same time, they had different
opinions of the way to Independent. They had to decide whether to cooperate
with the British or Japanese or to fight both the British and Japanese. The
paper presents them these different opinions. The paper reveals that the
anti-fascist organizations could be united finally and the anti-fascist revolt
met with success with the military help of the Myanmar Army and under the
leadership of political organizations.
HISTORY OF SHWE
YIN HMYAW PAGODA
Candidate - Swe Zin Latt (2-Maha-Tha-5)
ABSTRACT
The paper deals with the history of Shwe
Yin Hmyaw pagoda. Traditions tell us that the pagoda was built in the period of
Bagan. But there is no contemporary source which testifies to this fact.
Despite the late of contemporary source, no one can assert that the pagoda did
not exist in the period of Bagan. The historical records regarding the Shwe Yin
Hmyaw pagoda, which date back to the Konbaung period, can be found. The stone
inscriptions and bell inscriptions which were inscribed by Twinthin Mingyi
exist as the historical records. The paper is written with reference to
Parabikes, stone inscriptions, bell inscriptions, and traditional records. The
paper emphasizes that the pagoda was renovated in successive periods.
HISTORICAL
DOCUMENTS IN THE ZEEGONE MONASTERY PARABIKE
(PYAW BWE
TOWNSHIP)
Candidate - San San Aung (2-Maha-Tha-6)
ABSTRACT
The paper tries to prove that Parabikes are enriched with historical
documents which have not been discovered yet. The paper reveals historical
documents which add to the knowledge of Shwe-pyi
Yan-aung Cavalry. Especially the Eastern Shwe-pyi Yan-aung is mentioned in the paper. In the past it was
said or written that the Eastern Shwe-pyi
Yan-aung Horse land (land of Cavalry) belonged to Meiktila district. In
fact, only a small part of Meiktila district was included in the territory of
Eastern the Shwe-pyi Yan-aung Horse
land. According to the Zeegone monastery Parabike,
the list of villages belonging to the Eastern Shwe-pyi Yan-aung horse land can now be confirmed and the
organization of the Eastern Shwe-pyi
Yan-aung Cavalry is now exactly known. The paper also deals with the
administration and taxation in the Eastern Shwe-pyi
Yan-aung Horse land. In brief the paper is an attempt to contribute
something new to the history of the Eastern Shwe-pyi
Yan-aung Cavalry.
HTI THONE HSINT
PAGODA INSCRIPTIONS IN MEIKTILA
Candidate - Hnin Hnin Moe (2-Maha-Tha-7)
ABSTRACT
The paper is an attempt to study some
aspects of the traditional history of Myanmar Buddhists. Myanmar cultivated the
custom of building the pagodas, monasteries and Dhama Cetis. The custom has
lived for over 2000 years. The custom of building the Dhama Ceti, where the
sermons of the Buddha ate engraved on stones and enshrined has also a long
life: it has been over 2000 years old. The stone inscriptions which exist in
the enclosure of the Hti Thone Hsint
pagoda are emphasized in the paper. The stone inscriptions carry the Buddhist
scriptures. However, the paper does not study the Buddhist scriptures. The
paper highlights the history of the custom of engraving the Buddhist scriptures
on stone- the custom which helps contribute to the development and immortality
of Buddhism.
STUDY OF SOURCE
MATERIALS IN PARABIKE
(Yesone
monastery, Kyaukpadaung Township)
Candidate - Win Win Yu (2-Maha-Tha-8)
ABSTRACT
The historical documents in Parabikes are studied in the paper. The
Parabikes which are studied are Yesone monastery Parabikes in Kyaukpadaung Township. These historical documents date
back to the period of King Mindon. They reflect the history of Pin, Natmauk and
Kyaukpadaung of Konbaung period. These Parabikes
serve as an example of the province administration of King Mindon's time. The
province was administered by the administrative officers and Crown-servicemen
appointed by the Capital in the period of King Mindon. King Mindon also formed
an institution to spy on these officers. The institution was composed of
Buddhist monks under the Thudama Sayadaws. The Gaing-oks and Gaing-dauks
(leaders of local monks) supervise the province administration. The paper tries
to shed light on the fact that the
Gaing-oks and Gaing-dauks played
a very important role in the province administration in the Konbaung Period.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF
THE WORKS OF DR. THAN TUN (1944-1970)
Candidate - Mya Mya Thet (2-Maha-Tha-9)
ABSTRACT
This Bibliography is concerned with the
books, articles and papers written by Dr.Than Tun from 1944 to 1970 are
arranged in chronological order. Dr.Than Tun is a scholar who devotes his life
to the study of Medieval History of Myanmar. Therefore, his books, articles and
papers deal with the Bagan period, Pyu period, and Stone age, which precede the
Bagan period, Mon period, and Inwa period, which emerged 100 years after the
Bagan period. Moreover, Dr.Than Tun's Bibliography includes the translations,
and notes such as "How to read lithic inscriptions". The book,
"History of Myanmar History, which analyses the works on Myanmar History,
can be found in the Bibliography and Ngwe-tar-yi.
The papers written by Dr.Than Tun can also be found in the academic Journals
such as JBRS, MHRJ, BBHC and Culture Journals.
KING
ALAUNGMINTAYA: THE BIRTH OF KONBAUNG DYNASTY
Candidate - Win Mar Aye (2-Maha-Tha-10)
ABSTRACT
The paper investigates how Alaungmintaya
established the Konbaung Dynasty during his 8-year reign. Alaungmintaya
(1752-1760) was a self-made king: he had been just a local leader before he
became a king. On the way to the throne, he had to confront and overcome many
rivals. He had to fight many battles to annex the territories of Myanmar. The
period of warfare was 8 years. However, the whole year was not occupied with
battles. In each year, there were at least four months when battles ceased
because of the rains. Therefore, he had four months in each year to devote
himself to the administration and establishment of his new kingdom. The first
point to be emphasized in the paper is that Alaungmintaya learnt statecraft,
while fighting battles. The second point is that he appointed some of the former
ministers of the Nyaungyan Dynasty. He could apply their rich experience to the
establishment of Konbaung Dynasty.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF
THE WORKS OF DR. THAN TUN (1991-1995)
Candidate - Ma Mu (2-Maha-Tha-11)
ABSTRACT
This is the Bibliography the books and
articles which Dr.Than Tun wrote during the period and the years that followed
it saw most of the works by Dr.Than Tun. The Bibliography is in chronological
order. Dr.Than Tun is a scholar who devotes his life to the study of Medieval
History of Myanmar. Therefore, his books, articles and papers deal with the
Bagan period, Pyu period, and stone Age, which preceded the Bagan period, Mon
period, and Inwa period, which emerged 100 years after the Bagan period.
Moreover, Dr.Than Tun's Bibliography includes the translations, and notes such
as "How to read lithic inscriptions". The book, "History of
Myanmar History, which analyses the works on Myanmar History, can be found in
the Bibliography. Dr.Than Tun wrote in the Magazines such as Shu-ma-wa and Ngwe-tar-yi. The papers written by Dr.Than Tun can also be found in
the academic Journals such as JBRS, MHRJ, BBHC and Culture Journals.
THE DOBAMA
ASIAYONE
Candidate - Win Kyi (2-Maha-Tha-12)
ABSTRACT
There
were many political organizations which took main parts in the struggle for
Myanmar Independence. The Dobama Asia-yone,
one of these organizations, is studied in the paper. The Dobama Asia-yone was a political force which gave birth to the
revolutionary leaders who would fight the final battle against the British
imperialists which would lead to Myanmar Independence. The paper reveals how
the Dobama Asia-yone was born, how it
grew and how its members held different opinions. The young leaders of the Dobama Asia-yone helped establish the
political organizations into the united political vanguard called "Burma
Freedom Bloc". The paper emphasizes the importance of the Dobama Asia-yone in the struggle for
Myanmar Independence.
KING MINDON'S
REFORMS
Candidate - Nan Kyawt Myaing (2-Maha-Tha-13)
ABSTRACT
The paper deals with King Mindon's
reforms which had to be made when Myanmar Kingdom found itself confronting the
English on the political and economic fronts. King Mindon who first used a
salary system in place of the appendages system to increase the flow of revenue
to the royal treasury, a new tax called the thathameda
was introduced. The cultivated lands were extended in Upper Myanmar because
paddy and other crops could not be obtained from British Myanmar (Lower
Myanmar). The irrigation systems were built or repaired. King Mindon also
reformed the judicial system and trade system. The paper is an attempt to
highlight King Mindon's reforms.
COMMERCIAL
TREATY OF 1867 UNDER KING MINDON
Candidate - Thet Thet Soe (2-Maha-Tha-14)
ABSTRACT
When Myanmar had close relationships
with European countries, they came to know the meaning and nature of signing
the treaties between two nations. During the times of King Mindon, the king refused
to sign the peace treaty of ending the Second Anglo-Myanmar War because he
understood the meaning of the treaty. However, the king accepted the singing of
the commercial treaties. During the reign of King Mindon, the commercial treaty
of 1862 and the commercial treaty of 1867 were signed with the British. The
paper is an attempt to reveal how the commercial treaty of 1867 came into
being. The treaty included 13 Articles. The nature of a treaty is that both
sides can benefit from signing it. However, it was the British who benefited
from the commercial treaty of 1867. This point is emphasized in the paper.
FOREIGN
RELATIONS UNDER KING ALAUGNMINTAYA
Candidate - Maung Shwe Paw (2-Maha-Tha-15)
ABSTRACT
The
paper is an attempt to mention how King Alaugnmintaya made relations with the
British officers and officers from foreign companies during 8 years of his
reign. It was inevitable for Alaugnmintaya to make relations with foreign
companies when he was trying to annex Lower Myanmar, fighting against the Mons.
The purpose of his foreign relations was to obtain arms. The foreigners were
English and French, the imperialists who came to Myanmar to get the profits
from trade and to expand on the Myanmar territory. The English and the French
provided aids to both the Myanmar and the Mons because the only purpose of the
imperialists was to gain profits and advantages by hook or by crook. The paper
presents how Alaugnmintaya confronted the foreigners who opened the trade
centers in Pathein, Thanlyin and Negrais.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF
THE WORKS OF DR. THAN TUN (2001-2003)
Candidate - Zar Chi Saint Saint Moe (2-Maha-Tha-16)
ABSTRACT
The Bibliography is concerned with the
works written by Dr.Than Tun within 4 years from 2001 to 2003. It is in
chronological order. Dr.Than Tun is a scholar who devotes his life to the study
of Medieval History of Myanmar. Therefore, his books, articles and papers deal
with the Bagan period, Pyu period, and Stone Age, which preceded the Bagan
period, Mon period, and Inwa period, which emerged 100 years after the Bagna
period. Moreover, Dr.Than Tun's Bibliography includes the translations, and
notes such as "How to read lithic inscriptions". The book,
"History of Myanmar History, which analyses the works on Myanmar History,
can be found in the Bibliography. Dr.Than Tun wrote in the magazines such as Shu-ma-wa and Ngwe-tar-yi. The papers written by Dr.Than Tun can also be found in
the academic Journals such as JBRS, MHRJ, BBHC and Culture Journals.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF
THE WORKS OF DR. THAN TUN (1996-2000)
Candidate - Khin Ma Ma (2-Maha-Tha-22)
ABSTRACT
This is the Bibliography of the works
written by Dr.Than Tun within five years from 1996 to 2000.It is in
chronological order. Dr. Than Tun is a scholar who devotes his life to the
study of Medieval History of Myanmar. Therefore, his books, articles and papers
deal with the Bagan period, Pyu period, and Stone Age, which preceded the Bagan
period, Mon period, and Inwa period, which emerged 100 years after the Bagan
period. Morever, Dr. Than Tun's Bibliography includes the translations, and
notes such as "how to read lithic inscriptions". The book,
"History of Myanmar History, which analyses the works on Myanmar History,
can be found in the Bibliography. Dr.Than Tun wrote in the Magazines such as Shu-ma-wa and Ngwe-tar-yi. The papers written by Dr.Than Tun can also be found in
the academic Journals such as JBRS, MHRJ, BBHC and Culture Journals.
MEIKTILA GCBA
CONFERENCE
Candidate - Mi Mi Lwin (2-Maha-Tha-21)
ABSTRACT
The paper is concerned with the 12
conference of GCBA which was held in Meiktila in 1926. GCBA was the earlier
organization which led the Myanmar nationalist movements for freedom. Although
GCBA marched in the national movements, raising the banner in the vanguard, it
had a sad ending with split. In 1926, when the Meiktila Conference of GCBA was
held, GCBA was already split into two groups, the Hlaing Pu Kyaw GCBA and the
Soe Thein GCBA. The group which held the Meiktila Conference was the Soe Thein
GCBA. The conference passed 15 resolutions. The important resolutions were
concerned with objection to Thathameda
and Capitation taxes, freedom of vote in the Diarchy elections, the use of the
Myanmar language as the official language, and objection to Myanmar's
separation from India. Thus the Meiktila Conference of GCBA passed the
resolutions which were politically important.
SARTHINTIKES IN
MEIKTILA
Candidate - Tint Lwin Oo (2-Maha-Tha-20)
ABSTRACT
The Myanmar society is a Buddhist
society. Efforts are usually made to spread the teachings of Buddha in the
different layers of Myanmar society. Especially, it is essential to make the
teachings of Buddha strong and widespread among the Sangha (Buddhist Monks.)
There are 64 monasteries in Meiktila. Of these monasteries, 9 monasteries are Sarthintikes, monasteries where Buddhist
scriptures are taught to monks and novices as learners. The learners from these
Sarthintikes sit for the religious
examinations at different levels. The paper deals with of religious
examinations, such as Pahtamagyi,
Pahtamalat, Pahtamanga, and Dhammacariya,
and the pass percentages of each Sarthintike.
FRANCO-MYANMAR
RELATIONS UNDER KING MINDON
Candidate - Thida Aye (2-Maha-Tha-19)
ABSTRACT
King Mindon adopted the policy of
diplomacy rather than military means after he had ascended the throne. King
Mindon made attempts to make appropriate relations with both the English and
the French. It was Orgoni who initiated Franco-Myanmar relations during the
period of King Mindom. Orgoni made repeated journey from Myanmar to France and
from France to Myanmar to improve Franco-Myanmar relations. Thanks to the
efforts of Orgoni, Kinwun Mingyi and Myanmar envoys could make a diplomatic
journey to France. A French Mission also went to Myanmar. Finally, the commercial
treaties were signed between France and Myanmar. The paper explains how the
Franco- Myanmar relations came into existence.
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF
THE WORKS OF DR. THAN TUN (2004-2006)
Candidate - Lwin Lwin Oo (2-Maha-Tha-17)
ABSTRACT
This Bibliography includes the works
which Dr.Than Tun worte in his works still appear in the Journals and magazines
published in the Journals and magazines published in 2006. Dr.Than Tun studied
hard and wrote a lot during his last two years. Therefore, a lot of works could
be published. Dr.Than Tun is a scholar who devotes his life to the study of
Medieval History of Myanmar. Therefore, his books, articles and papers deal
with the Bagan period, Pyu period, and Stone Age, which preceded the Bagan
period, Mon period, and Inwa perid, which emerged 100 years after the Bagan
period. Moreover, Dr.Than Tun's Bibliography includes the translations, and
notes such "How to read lithic inscriptions". The book, "History
of Myanmar History, which analyses the works on Myanmar History, can be found
in the Bibliography. Dr.Than Tun wrote in the Magazines such as Shu-ma-wa, Ka-lya Magazine, and Ngwe-tar-yi. The papers written by
Dr.Than Tun can also be found in the academic Journals such as JBRS, MHRJ, BBHC
and Culture Journals.
KING MINDON AND
FOREIGN RELATIONS
Candidate - Pont Pont (2-Maha-Tha-18)
ABSTRACT
The paper tries to emphasize that King
Mindon played an important role in foreign relations of the later Konbaung
period. The persons who were involved in foreign affairs decision making
process are described in the paper. King Mindon used the diplomacy of peace and
friendship in relations with the British, who were much more powerful. However,
it was inevitable that the British were determined to expend their influence to
the Myanmar kingdom. The British did not want to treat Myanmar kingdom as an
independent kingdom. Confronting the British pressures, king Mindon applied the
diplomacy at different levels to preserve his kingdom. Especially it was
important to deal with the British political Agent in Mandalay. King Mindon
could not stop the British power in Upper Myanmar. But he was successful in
delaying the final assault on the Kingdom. King Mindon merited the laudable
cheer because he conducted the diplomacy efficiently not only for the survival
of the kingdom but also for the survival with integrity and dignity.
